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托福听力生物类可以分为植物、动物和微生物三大类。其中又可以细分为昆虫类、啮齿类、海洋生物类。
1.材料中的词汇
insect昆虫
species物种
behave 表现
Argentine阿根廷的
ant蚂蚁
native to产自于
original 最初的
fight打架
nest巢,穴
colony群体
aggression 进攻
recruit招募
network网络
genetic 基因的
descended from起源于
ancestor祖先
discovery发现
membership会员身份
2.带着问题听听力
Q 1. What is the lecture mainly about?
Q 2. Why do Argentine ants behave differently in California than they do in Argentina?
3.框架分析
Today, we are going to continue our discussion on social insects, focusing on the Argentine ants, which as you might guess is a species of ants that are natives to Argentina. (今天主要讲阿根廷蚂蚁，表明了文章的主题：即问题1的答案)
阿根廷蚂蚁是什么?It is an invasive species that has been established m many Mediterranean climate areas. The ants arc ranked among the world's 100 worst animal invaders. In its introduced range, the Argentine ant often displaces most or all native ants.
We'll consider what happened to this type of ants after some members of the species move to California from their original habitat. (明确的告诉我们接下来具体要讲什么内容)
OK, well, in Argentina, these Argentine ants behave like most ant species around the world. 阿根廷区域的阿根廷蚂蚁，与其它物种是一样的。
They fight other ants of the same species if those ants are from some other nests.
它们喜欢和其它物种进行斗争。
But the Argentine ants living in California behave differently.
但是在加利福尼亚的蚂蚁表现的行为不相同。
Ants from different nests form a single large colony.
Within this colony, there is little aggression among ants from different nests. And when they fight with insects from outside their colony, the Argentine ants can quickly recruit a huge army from their network of nests. This of course gives them advantages over other ants' species.
它们组成一个整体，不再相互进攻了。但是它们会团结的和群体之外的蚂蚁作斗争。
So then, why do Argentine ants behave differently in California than they do in Argentina?
为什么阿根廷蚂蚁和在加利福尼亚的蚂蚁行为不一样呢?
Well, using genetic testing, researchers found that all the Argentine ants in California were very similar genetically.
研究发现他们的基因是一样的。
You see, when the first Argentine ants came to California, their population must have been very small and all the later generations of Argentine ants there must have descended from the same few ancestors.
当阿根廷蚂蚁到达加利福尼亚的时候数量比较少，后来的阿根廷蚂蚁他们的祖先是很相似的。(即问题2的答案)
So they are all closely related. This discovery is important, because for most social insects, membership in a colony is based on how closely related they are genetically.
所以它们能够团结一致，一致抗外。
框架结构：首先表明听力的主旨就是讲解阿根廷蚂蚁，接着从阿根廷蚂蚁的行为进行分析在阿根廷的阿根廷蚂蚁的行为和在加利福尼亚的阿根廷蚂蚁的不同，最后分析它们行为不同的原因。
4.课下作业的布置
作业材料单词：
Aquarium 水族馆
Starfish 海星
Echinoderm 棘皮动物
Spiny 多刺的
Thorny多刺的
bump肿块
life cycle 生命周期
skinned 有皮的
extensions 伸长
drop off减少
bilateral symmetry两边对称
spokes轴条
hub轮轴
develop into发展成为
larvae幼体
radial 径向的
in person亲自
听力音频来自老托福听力海星-1998年8月
问题为：Q 1. What is the lecture mainly about?
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